Last month, the United States Supreme Court ruled that federal law prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of gender identity and sexual orientation. The decision confirms that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects LGBTQ employees from discrimination on the basis of “sex.” This new landmark decision has immediate, practical consequences for employers. Prior to this decision, discrimination against LGBTQ employees was legal in 27 states; now, employment discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity is prohibited nationwide.